Review Chapter 6 & 7

CHAPTER 6

A(n) INJUNCTION is a court order that can be used to compel a public official to carry out a law.

Some people do not have a sense of POLITICAL EFFICACY and therefore do not bother to vote.

Voters with a strong allegiance to a party often engage in STRAIGHT TICKET VOTING when they go to the polls.

People with no party affiliation are INDEPENDENTS.

The loyalty of people to a particular political party is PARTY IDENTIFICATION.

The measurable difference between partisan choices of women and men is the GENDER GAP.

The process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions is POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION.

Elections in even-numbered years between presidential elections are OFF-YEAR ELECTIONS.

In 1982 the VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 was extended for 25 years. The 25-year period ends in 2007. 

PRECLEARANCE is prior approval by the Department of Justice.

NO STATE allows people in mental institutions the right to vote.

POLL TAX is the requirement of paying a fee in order to vote.

LITERACY is a person’s ability to read or write.

The list of all registered voters in a precinct is the POLL BOOK.

Until the 26th Amendment, the minimum voting age in most States was 21.

NO STATE allows TRANSIENTS to gain legal residence there.

A foreign-born resident who has not become a citizen CANNOT VOTE IN ANY STATE

REGISTRATION is a procedure of voter identification intended to prevent fraudulent voting.

The removal of names of ineligible voters from the list of registered voters is PURGING.

The practice of drawing electoral district lines in order to limit the voting strength of a particular group or party is

GERRYMANDERING. This tool was used to disenfranchise minority voters.

The potential voting population is the ELECTORATE.

FRANCHISE means the same a suffrage.

SUFFRAGE is the right to vote.

One major argument that was raised in support of the 26th Amendment was, “OLD ENOUGH TO FIGHT, OLD ENOUGH TO VOTE.”

The five stages of extending suffrage are:

(1) RELIGIOUS QUALIFICATIONS DISAPPEARED;

(2) THE 15TH AMENDMENT PROTECTED PEOPLE FROM DISCRIMINATION WITH REGARD TO VOTING;

(3) 19TH AMENDMENT GRANTED WOMEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE;

(4) VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 MADE THE 15TH AMENDMENT A TRULY EFFECTIVE PART OF THE CONSTITUTION;

THE 23RD AMENDMENT ALLOWED VOTERS IN D.C. THE RIGHT TO VOTE IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND

THE 24TH AMENDMENT OUTLAWED THE POLL TAX;

(5) THE 26TH AMENDMENT REDUCED THE MINIMUM VOTING AGE TO 18.

The universal voting requirements are: CITIZENSHIP; RESIDENCE; and AGE.

States adopt residence requirements to:

KEEP A POLITICAL MACHINE FROM IMPORTING OUTSIDERS TO AFFECT THE OUTCOME OF A LOCAL

ELECTIONS; ENSURE THAT EVERY VOTER HAS SOME TIME IN WHICH TO BECOME FAMILIAR WITH THE CANDIDATES.

Chapter 7

The most commonly used method of nomination today is THE DIRECT PRIMARY.

A RUNOFF PRIMARY is held in some States when no one wins a majority of votes.

Elections are held on the FIRST TUESDAY AFTER THE FIRSTMONDAY IN NOVEMBER.

The Office-Group Ballot encourages SPLIT-TICKET VOTING.

Sources of campaign funding include: nonparty groups, such as political action committees; government subsidies; candidates’

personal funds.

Under federal election legislation passed in the 1970s, candidates are not allowed to take CONTRIBUTIONS OF MORE THAN $1,000.